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Thursday, April 30, 2015

Nepal earthquake brings out generosity — and scams

Nepal earthquake brings out generosity — and scams

Disasters bring out the best in people—and the worst. Even as the devastation caused by the massive earthquake in Nepal makes you want to open your wallet, scammers are eagerly figuring out how to profit from your generosity.

After a natural disaster, emails, telephone calls, websites, pop-up online advertisements, and urgent pleas on social media to help the victims vie to grab your attention and solicit contributions. While some are legitimate, many are created by fraudsters who manipulate your emotions so you’ll click that “donate” button without thinking.

Stealing your donation money is just the first step. Scammers also attempt to get you to download legitimate-looking content that is actually a virus or key-logging malware. Or they may try to trick you into sharing your personal information (name, password, credit card information) so they can steal your identity. 

For more information on this subject, read How is Your Favorite Charity Rated by Watchdogs.

Respond with your head as well as your heart. If you’re asked to make a charitable donation, follow these do’s and don’ts:

  • DO make sure the charity has a proven track record in dealing with natural disasters. Check it out with one of the three major charity watchdogs: The BBB (Better Business Bureau’s) Wise Giving Alliance, Charity Navigator, and CharityWatch.
  • DON’T trust charities that seem to have sprung up overnight in connection with current events. Website URLs with keywords that relate to the event (e.g., help, Nepal, earthquake, disaster, relief, fund, and donations) should raise an alarm. Also watch out for look-alike websites or copycat names that are similar but not exactly the same as those of reputable charities. If you suspect fraud, report it by calling the National Center for Disaster Fraud hotline at 866-720-5721 or e-mailing at disaster@leo.gov.
  • DO confirm the number with the source when texting to donate. The charge will show up on your mobile phone bill, but text donations don’t take effect immediately. Depending on the text message service used by the charity, it can take as much as 90 days for the charity to receive the funds, so you have time to block your donation if the organization turns out to be a fraud.
  • DON’T click on links or open attachments in e-mails that claim to show pictures of the disaster areas in attached files unless you know who sent it and what it is. Opening attachments – even in e-mails that seem to be from friends or family – can install viruses on your computer. Only open attachments from known senders.
  • DO suspect individuals representing themselves as victims or officials asking for donations via e-mail or social networking sites.
  • DON’T assume that charity messages posted on social media are legitimate or have been vetted. Research the organization yourself.

“People get emotional. They want to give fast and they want to do it conveniently, so they set caution aside,” warned Edward Johnson, president and chief executive of the Better Business Bureau of Metro Washington and Eastern Pennsylvania in an interview in the wake of the 2010 earthquake in Haiti.

Help out, by all means. But first take the time to ensure that your help goes where it’s truly needed. 

Catherine Fredman

Consumer Reports has no relationship with any advertisers on this website. Copyright © 2006-2015 Consumers Union of U.S.

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Help your mower keep its edge this season

Help your mower keep its edge this season

Whether you’ve got a beefy lawn tractor or a small walk-behind mower, your mowing will go easier and be more effective if you follow a few simple rules. Old mowers can power on if you keep them maintained. And if you need a new mower, check the results of Consumer Reports’ latest mower tests where you’ll find top push, self-propelled and riding mowers. Here are some tips from our pros:

Maintain the mower. Have your mower blades sharpened monthly, or at least twice during the mowing season. And clean out clippings and debris after mowing to maintain cutting quality and prevent rusting.

Plan your cut. Mow only dry grass. And don’t mow too quickly, especially if you’re using the mulching feature on your mower or tractor, because mulchers need extra time to process the grass. Try to alternate directions when you mow; that helps disperse clippings for a cleaner, healthier lawn.

Let the lawn go brown. The color change is merely an indication that the grass is entering a natural state of dormancy to conserve nutrients. It should green up again after the next rain. Only when grass turns from tan-brown to straw-colored do you need to water it.

Take care on slopes. In addition to being dangerous, driving mowers at higher speeds and making sudden turns over hills tends to tear up turf. With a walk-behind mower, mow side to side. With a tractor or rider, mow straight up and down slopes unless your manual says otherwise. Go especially slow down hills if you own a zero-turn-radius mower.

More on mowers

—Ed Perratore (@EdPerratore on Twitter)

Consumer Reports has no relationship with any advertisers on this website. Copyright © 2006-2015 Consumers Union of U.S.

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Verizon FiOS Custom TV plans vs. Cablevision's 'skinny' TV plans

Verizon FiOS Custom TV plans vs. Cablevision’s ‘skinny’ TV plans

It wasn’t so long ago—maybe even last year—that your choices in TV service were pretty much limited to which tier of programming you’d get from your local provider. But thanks to the growing number of Internet-based services, there are now an unprecedented number of options to choose from.

Two of the most recent are Verizon’s FiOS Custom TV service and Cablevision’s just-launched skinny TV service. These two services really couldn’t be much more different, so we decided to see how they stack up.

Verizon’s lowest-priced Custom TV plan starts at $55 per month, but it doesn’t include broadband. A better deal, we think, is the $65-per-month package that bundles 25 Mbps broadband service with about 35 fixed basic channels, both local broadcast channels and cable TV networks such as AMC, CNN, Food Network, and HGTV.

As part of the plan, you can choose two of seven available genre-based add-on packs, each of which contains an average of 10 to 17 channels. If you decide you don’t like the add-ons or simply want to try another, you can change them every month at no charge. If two packs aren’t enough, you have the option of adding more for $10 each per month.

The seven channel packs include Kids, Entertainment, Lifestyle, News & Info, Pop Culture, and Sports. The Kids pack includes Nickelodeon, while sports fans get two options: the Sports Channel Pack, which includes ESPN, FOX Sports and more; and the Sports Plus Channel Pack, which includes regional sports networks and specialty programming such as NFL Network, MLB Network, NBA TV, NHL Network and Golf Channel. 

If you need faster broadband, you can up your speed to 50 Mbps broadband with TV for $75 per month; a 75 Mbps plan costs $85 a month. Triple-play deals that include phone are also available, and cost from $75 per month (for TV, two channel packs, and 25 Mbps broadband) to $95 per month (with 75 Mbps broadband).

Not everyone is thrilled with Verizon’s plan—most notably companies such as Disney (parent of ESPN), Fox (Fox Sports), and NBC Universal, which argue that their contracts with Verizon prohibit their channels from being removed from the core TV package and offered as part of add-on packs. ESPN has now filed a lawsuit against Verizon, claiming breach of contract. Verizon maintains it’s within its rights, and it’s simply trying to give consumers more choice. Frankly, we’ll be surprised if this disagreement isn’t settled before the court renders a decision.

Perhaps a bit odd for a cable company—one that even has “cable” in its name—Cablevision doesn’t offer any cable channels with either of its cord-cutting plans. Instead, it’s basically tossing a free over-the-air digital antenna, a Mohu Leaf, into its Optimum broadband plan.

The cheapest option is a $35 per month package that includes the antenna for local broadcast TV stations, 5 Mbps broadband, and Cablevision’s Freewheel Wi-Fi-based voice service, which can only be used right now with a Moto G smartphone. There’s also a $5 monthly modem fee.

These days, 5 Mbps isn’t going to cut it for many families; if you’re in that boat, there’s a $45-per-month step-up package that includes 50 Mbps broadband and the antenna, but no Freewheel. Again, you pay a $5-per-month modem rental fee, bringing the total monthly cost to $50.

Added benefits include access to Optimum’s network of Wi-Fi hotspots, and the ability to add the standalone HBO Now service for $15 more per month. Right now, Cablevision is the only cable company offering it.

 

Monthly cost

What you get

Pros

Cons

Verizon Custom TV

$65 (25Mbps)

$75 (50Mbps)

About $24 in additional monthly fees
About 35 channels (such as CNN, HGTV, AMC, Food Network)

Local broadcast channels

Broadband Internet access
You can choose 2 of 7 add-on packs, such as sports (ESPN) or kids, as part of the package.

Extra packages cost $10 each per month.
ESPN is suing Verizon for removing it from the core package.

Extra fees.

No DVR.

Cablevision plan

$40 (5Mbps)

$50 (50Mbps)
A Mohu Leaf antenna for local over-the-air broadcasts

Broadband Internet access

You can add HBO Now for $15 per month.

Access to public Optimum Wi-Fi hotspots.

No cable channels.

No DVR.

Must be able to get over-the-air broadcasts.

While we imagine that either plan will fit some consumers’ needs, we don’t think either is a real breakthrough. Yes, you can initially save some money, but you might be giving up a lot of channels for only a minimal monthly savings. And adding some of those missing channels à la carte can be quite expensive.

That said, we think Verizon’s Custom TV will be a better deal for more people. With Verizon, the ability to get both local and some cable channels will likely have broader appeal, though to match the Cablevision broadband speed, you’ll have to pay $75, not $65 per month. (However, on Verizon’s website we were able to create a custom package with local and cable channels, plus 50 Mbps broadband, for $65. Go figure.)

But a word of caution if you’re considering a Verizon plan: Read the fine print about additional fees and charges. When we priced out that double-play plan, there was a $90 installation fee, plus nearly $24 in monthly charges for things like a broadcast fee, router fee, HD settop box fee, etc. That means you’re now near that $100-per-month price point many of us would like to avoid.

With Cablevision’s plan, the company is basically just adding a free antenna to its regular 50 Mbps broadband-only package, which costs $45 per month. And you need to be able to receive over-air broadcasts in your area; not everyone can, as our previous tests of antennas showed.

On the other hand, you get all the free Cablevision Wi-Fi hotspots, and you can add the streaming HBO Now service for $15 a month. Plus, the company just announced a deal to bring Hulu Plus’ catalog of on-demand shows to its service, though it hasn’t yet said how it will do so, or how much it will cost.

—James K. Willcox

Consumer Reports has no relationship with any advertisers on this website. Copyright © 2006-2015 Consumers Union of U.S.

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4 reasons to get a camera instead of using a smartphone

4 reasons to get a camera instead of using a smartphone

Smartphone cameras have gotten pretty good, but most still lack some features that can translate into better photos, such as larger image sensors, optical zoom lenses, and effective image stabilization. You can find those capabilities in point-and-shoot cameras, which have gotten good enough to give “serious” cameras a run for their money. Because they’re usually smaller and lighter than SLRs, they’re easier to tote around. Here’s what you’ll find in the latest cameras we’ve tested:

To capture an image with lifelike detail—say, the gargoyles on the cathedral, a lion’s magnificent mane, or your kid’s face as he waits to catch that fly ball—you need to take a close-up shot. But that’s not always possible (or wise). To take a close-up from far away, you need a camera with a long zoom. Many new point-and-shoot cameras have zoom ranges of 25x to 50x and even longer, which can get you close to the action.

When you zoom in, the slightest shivers of your hand are amplified, so look for an image stabilizer to ensure blur-free shots. The 20-megapixel Canon PowerShot SX710 HS, $350, has a powerful 30x optical zoom and a very good image stabilizer. At less than an inch-and-a-half thick and weighing just 9 ounces, it’s slimmer and much lighter than many other superzooms. If 30x doesn’t get you near enough to the action, consider Nikon’s recently announced Coolpix P900, a $600 superzoom with an 83x lens. That’s the longest lens we’ve seen on a camera like this, long enough to capture the craters on a midsummer night’s moon. We’ll test it soon.

Many new cameras have built-in Wi-Fi to allow easy sharing of photos, a capability once limited to phones. With the $300 Nikon Coolpix L840, for example, you can instantly transfer your photos to a phone, then post them to your favorite social-media site. The advantage is that you’re sharing shots from a camera that’s far superior to the one on your phone. Another plus: By wirelessly linking the L840 with an Android or Apple iOS device using Nikon’s Snapbridge app, you can preview shots and control the camera from across the room using your mobile device. This 16-megapixel camera has a 38x zoom, so you could take a selfie from across a football field.

Find the best model for your needs and budget: Check our camera buying guide and Ratings.

Point-and-shoot cameras aren’t always the speediest shooters, a downside if you want to capture the exact moment a whale breaches or the split second your daughter stays upright on her first big-girl bike. That calls for quick-fire “burst” shooting of multiple shots per second, which is usually a strength of SLRs. But one advanced point-and-shoot we’ve tested has a speed-shooting mode that puts many SLRs to shame. It’s the Panasonic Lumix DMC-FZ1000, $800, which can capture 12 frames per second at its full resolution of 20 megapixels. Most SLRs and mirrorless cameras average 5 to 7 fps.

“Oops!” is the last word many cameras ever hear. Then comes the tumble down the stairs or into the lake. If you’re lucky, you can still get your pictures off the memory card, but your camera—or worse, your smartphone—is often kaput. The good news is that there’s a class of cameras built to handle those klutzy moments. In fact, some cameras are designed to take a plunge, great for scuba diving or riding the rapids at the water park. Our tests showed that our top-rated rugged model, the Olympus Stylus TG-3, $350, can go 50 feet deep and survive a 7-foot fall. The new Nikon Coolpix AW130, $330, is billed as an even deeper diver; it can go 98 feet underwater, according to Nikon. The company claims it can survive a 7-foot drop without breaking. We’ll test it soon.

This article also appeared in the June 2015 issue of Consumer Reports magazine.

Consumer Reports has no relationship with any advertisers on this website. Copyright © 2006-2015 Consumers Union of U.S.

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Can your car get hacked?

Can your car get hacked?

Your car’s computers know much more about you than you may realize. They’re constantly tracking your driving behavior, speed, seat belt use, and more.

Because your car is networked, outside infiltration of your private data represents a serious threat to consumers. But misuse or inappropriate lawful use of that data is also a concern. In 2011, GM’s OnStar division came under fire when it said it had the right to share location data with third parties. Likewise, data from apps used in your car’s infotainment system could be sold to advertisers.

At a recent conference, Bryan Biniak, Microsoft’s vice president of developer experiences, said those kinds of intuitive corporate interactions with drivers “based upon who I am and what I like” could be a good thing. What does that mean for you? In the future you could see targeted spam appear on your dash screen—perhaps a coupon for an oil change or a suggestion that you stop for a nearby cappuccino.

Today, some insurance companies offer reduced rates to drivers who install a driving-behavior tracker in their car—but could raise the rates if they speed. Already, some lenders install devices that can remotely halt a car purchased by a buyer who misses a payment.

But your data can also be hacked. Any time someone connects to your car’s onboard diagnostics system (OBD-II) port, your vehicle’s secrets become accessible. And black hat computer hackers are claiming they can remotely invade your car’s data systems without ever gaining access to the inside of your vehicle.

Last year, 19 automakers agreed to strengthen their vehicles’ systems against hacking and sharply limit the external sharing of electronic data that drivers voluntarily share with them.

The takeaway: Driving privacy is under threat, if the auto industry and lawmakers don’t take action, says Thilo Koslowski, automotive practice leader at technology research firm Gartner.

What’s more, some of those onboard infotainment computers have interactions with your car’s driving controls. Consider the OnStar navigation and emergency-assist system: It tracks your car’s location and history, but it also can disable your car if it’s stolen.

Though being able to remotely stop a vehi­cle with a drunk driver behind the wheel or a kidnapped child inside can be a good thing, the wider implications are disturbing. Could someone with bad intentions remotely hack into your car’s controls to lock your brakes in traffic or send you careening off a bridge?

A February 2015 “60 Minutes” television segment raised that specter—and demonstrated how it could be done, complete with a video of occupants sitting helplessly as someone with a laptop took remote control of their car’s horn, windshield wipers, and even its brakes.

The U.S. government’s Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration have been working on identifying ways to protect consumers from car hacking for years. Amateur hackers are also proving that the “attack vectors” of cars need to be made more secure.

For its “60 Minutes” hack, DARPA needed to know the secure phone number that allows the vehicle to interact with the automaker’s cellular network. But it did not need the vehicle identification number of the car or any other specific data.

Dan Kaufman, director of DARPA’s Information Innovation Office, admits his team “knew the car quite well” in running its hack. Such an attack “would not work on just any random car,” Kaufman wrote in an e-mail to Consumer Reports, “although a similar technique would work on many modern cars.”

True, the scary scenario is not easy to achieve, but experts expect it to get easier. The worry among computer scientists is—beyond hacks demonstrated in laboratory settings—that a 14-year-old could eventually perform the hack on his laptop.

At Consumer Reports, we have long been concerned about automotive privacy.

“As cars include more technological and computer advancements, concerns about the privacy of consumer data become even more pressing,” says Ellen Bloom, senior director of federal policy for Consumers Union, the policy and advocacy arm of Consumer Reports.

Sen. Ed Markey, D-Mass., recently authored a report that studied the security systems of 16 automakers—and found them to be lacking. His office plans to introduce legislation to toughen vehicle security and privacy standards. Consumers Union will work with Markey, NHTSA, and the Federal Trade Commission to ensure that your data is better protected.

If you want greater privacy protection, contact your representative or senator and tell the legislator that you support Markey’s efforts. Keep track of developments on this at ConsumersUnion.org.

This article also appeared in the June 2015 issue of Consumer Reports magazine.

Consumer Reports has no relationship with any advertisers on this website. Copyright © 2006-2015 Consumers Union of U.S.

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Privacy tips for the Internet of Things

Privacy tips for the Internet of Things

If you don’t like the idea of being tracked by your devices, you might think you have only two options: Avoid the technology altogether or simply surrender to the surveillance. But for most smart products, there are strategies that can at least restrict how much of your information gets collected.  

1. Password-protect anything that collects personal information. Many smart devices are managed through Internet-based accounts. Some have pass codes you can enter on the device as well. Use both. And yes, you do need to pick unique and complex passwords. We suggest at least nine characters in a combination of letters, numbers, and symbols. Also, if you haven’t already done so, make sure to password-protect the settings on your router as well as its Wi-Fi connection.

2. Read the privacy policy. We know they’re often long and indecipherable. But if you want an indication of the kinds of information your device is tracking, that’s where you’ll find it. But bring your legal-to-English dictionary. Remember, however, manufacturers can change their policies at any time. And in case of a data breach, all bets are off. Hackers don’t read those policies, either.

Read our special report, “In the Privacy of Your Own Home,” and  learn about connected devices and your privacy.

3. Find the “off” toggle in the settings menu on your smart device. Often, features that track you are given a line-item on-off toggle. On smart TVs, for example, you can switch off voice control and “interactive” functionality. If anything seems suspicious to you, turn it off—you can always turn it back on later if it disables a function you need.

4. Don’t leave connected devices on when you’re not using them. Certain Internet-enabled devices are hooked to the Internet 24/7 by necessity (a smart thermostat, for example), but a connected baby monitor doesn’t need to be streaming video from junior’s crib when your baby is in your arms. Just turn it off.

5. Install security updates. Device makers need to get serious about automatically pushing out security updates. But consumers would be wise to periodically check the manufacturer’s website to see whether their device has a patch, an update, or new firmware. If there is, install it quickly.

6. Take it offline. If Wi-Fi or cellular connectivity in a product doesn’t offer a tangible benefit to you, buy the non­connected version. If a non­connected version isn’t available, you can still buy the smart product—just don’t set it up on your Wi-Fi network. It may sound obvious, but it’s worth stating: If a device isn’t connected to the Internet, there’s no snooping and no hacking.

This article also appeared in the June 2015 issue of Consumer Reports magazine.

Consumer Reports has no relationship with any advertisers on this website. Copyright © 2006-2015 Consumers Union of U.S.

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